Knee replacement surgery is a medical procedure that is designed to address the deterioration or injury of the knee joints. The surgical intervention is aimed at alleviating pain and improving the functional performance of the knee. The procedure involves the replacement of damaged bone and cartilage with prosthetic components crafted from durable materials such as plastics and metals.
The decision to perform a knee replacement surgery for a patient is contingent upon a comprehensive evaluation conducted by a skilled surgeon. This assessment includes an examination of the knee range motions, stability, and strength. In addition, diagnostic images in the form of X-rays are employed to provide a more visual representation of the extent of damage within the knee joint.
What is Knee Replacement Surgery?
Knee replacement surgery involves the surgical removal of parts of the bones that make up the knee joint and their replacement with artificial implants. It is mainly done to alleviate osteoarthritis-related knee pain and stiffness.
The majority of patients undergoing this procedure have advanced knee arthritis, which causes the knee’s surface to become uneven, pitted, and corroded as well as wear away the cartilage. This results in altered bodily alignment, discomfort, stiffness, and instability. Some patients with weak knee joints brought on by diseases or injuries may also benefit from knee replacement surgery.
Types of Knee Replacement Surgery
For a knee replacement, your medical professional may advise a full or partial replacement according to your condition:
- Total knee replacement: Complete knee replacement surgery is the most common type of knee replacement and is also known as total knee replacement. The three components of your knee joint the medial, lateral, and patellofemoral will all be replaced by your surgeon.
- Partial knee replacement: This is precisely what it sounds like a partial knee replacement. If your knee joint just has one or two damaged portions, your surgeon will likely replace those areas only. After suffering an injury or trauma, younger persons are more likely to need partial knee replacements.
Anatomy of Knee
The points where two or more bones converge are called joints. The majority of joints are movable, enabling bone movement. The knee is essentially made up of two long leg bones that are joined by tendons, ligaments, and muscles. A layer of cartilage covers either end of the bone, absorbing shock and shielding the knee.
The quadriceps muscles, which are found on the front of the thighs, are engaged in knee extension, whereas the hamstring muscles, which are found on the rear of the thighs, are involved in knee flexion. Tendons are thick connective tissue strands that connect muscles and bones. Ligaments are flexible tissue bands that join one bone to another. While certain knee ligaments support and shield the joints, other ligaments prevent the tibia (shin bone) from moving forward or backward.
The knee consists of the following parts:
- Tiba
- Femur
- Patella
- Cartilage
- Synovial membrane
- Ligament
- Tendon
- Meniscus
Knee Replacement Surgery Cost in India
Knee replacement surgery cost in India starts from 2,50,000 INR (3000 USD). Knee replacement surgery cost in India presents a more cost-effective option in contrast to other countries such as the United States, Russia, and various European nations. For patients seeking knee replacement surgery in India, the country offers access to top-tier medical facilities equipped with state-of-the-art infrastructure and cutting-edge medical instrumentation which are also found in well-established countries and coupled with the assurance of exceptional treatment quality, with the presence of highly skilled and best knee replacement surgeons in India.
Tests That Are Performed Prior to Knee Replacement Surgery
Before the surgery, you will receive instructions from your surgeon and healthcare professional on how to prepare for surgery. Typically, you’ll require:
- A medical examination to confirm your suitability for surgery.
- Blood test examinations.
- An ECG to assess the condition of your heart.
- Imaging test like an X-ray of the knee. Additionally, a computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) will be required.
Also, keep in mind to Inform your surgeon and your healthcare provider about all of your over-the-counter and prescription supplementation. Before your surgery, you might need to stop using certain drugs or supplements. The day before surgery, your surgeon will advise you on when to cease eating and drinking. The majority of patients must abstain from food and liquids 12 hours before surgery.
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How Knee Replacement Procedure is Performed?
To ensure that you are pain-free on the day of your procedure, anesthesia will be administered to you. Either a regional anesthetic to numb you from the waist down or general anesthesia to put you to sleep during your surgery will be administered by an anesthesiologist. In the course of replacing your knee, your surgeon will:
- Take out any broken bone and cartilage.
- Place the knee prosthesis in place.
- Place a plastic spacer in place of the injured or removed cartilage to replicate its smooth cushioning.
- If necessary, reshape your patella, or kneecap, to suit the new prosthetic knee joint.
Following the surgery, you will be brought to the recovery room for observation. You will be transported to your hospital room as soon as your breathing, blood pressure, and pulse have stabilized and you are conscious. In general, knee replacement surgery entails a few days in the hospital.
Following surgery, it is crucial to start using the new joint. Soon after your operation, a physical therapist will schedule a visit with you to discuss your workout regimen. To start physical treatment, a continuous passive motion (CPM) machine could be utilized. While you’re sleeping in bed, this machine adjusts the range of motion of your newly acquired knee joint. Medication will be used to manage your pain so you can take part in the exercise. An exercise regimen will be given to you to follow while you’re in the hospital and once you’re released.
Why Choose Dr. N. K. Magu?
Dr. N. K. Magu is a world-renowned orthopedic surgeon from India whose outstanding expertise and dedication to the field have gained him international fame. Over the course of several decades, Dr. N. K. Magu has proven to be an exceptional specialist in a number of orthopedic fields, especially when it comes to hip preservation, reconstruction, proximal femoral osteotomies, and other related areas. His reputation as one of the best orthopedic surgeons in the world has been cemented by his unparalleled commitment to enhancing the quality of life for his many patients.
